高塔设备的失效分析及修复

Failure Analysis and Repair of Tower Equipment

某石化公司萃取精馏塔在水冲洗时,发现在封头和裙座的焊缝熔合线上存在贯穿裂纹。对该塔封头材料进行了化学成分分析、力学性能测试、硬度检测,并用扫描电镜对断口进行了分析。结果表明,萃取精馏塔材料的化学成分、力学性能均符合标准或设计要求,塔的开裂属疲劳开裂。塔封头和裙座连接处为不连续结构,这就增加了发生疲劳开裂的可能性。根据失效分析,提出了可行的焊接修复方案。

In a petrochemical company, through cracks were found at the weld fusion line between head and skirt of the extractive distillation column when rinsed in water. The tower head material was analyzed by chemical composition analysis, mechanical properties testing, hardness testing and fracture analysis with SEM. The results showed that the chemical composition and mechanical properties of the material were up to the standards and design requirements, and the cracks belonged to fatigue cracks. The discontinuous structure at the joint of tower head and skirt increased the possibility of fatigue cracks. According to the failure analysis, proposed a feasible welding repair scheme.