重庆市万州区药品不良反应风险因素分析与对策

Risk Factors and Countermeasures of Adverse Drug Reaction in Chongqing Wanzhou District

目的:分析重庆市万州区药品不良反应(ADR)发生的特点及引发ADR的相关因素,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法:对2008年6月—2010年12月1 078例ADR报告进行归纳和分析。结果:涉及药品217种,抗感染药引起的ADR为514例,占47.7%,其次为中成药和抗肿瘤药,分别为118、95例,占10.9%、8.8%;给药途径方面,以静脉注射致ADR为主,有831例,占77.1%;临床表现以全身或局部皮肤损害为最常见,有380例次,占33.8%;新的和严重的ADR共122例,占11.3%。结论:ADR的发生与多种因素有关,除科学开展ADR监测工作外,健全监督管理机制、规范操作、合理用药,可减少ADR的重复发生。

OBJECTIVE：To analyze the characteristics and associated factors of the adverse drug reaction （ADR） in Chongqing Wanzhou District so as to provide references for clinical rational drug use. METHODS： A total of 1 078 ADR cases collected from Jun. 2008 to Dec. 2010 were analyzed statistically. RESULTS： 217 drugs were involved in the 1 078 ADR cases; 514 cases （47.7%） were induced by anti-infective drugs, 118 cases （10. 9% ） by Chinese traditional patent medicine and 95 cases （8.8%） by antineoplastie agents; 831 （77. 1% ） were induced via intravenous route; the ADR manifested predominantly as lesions of systemic or local skin [ 380 （ 33% ） ] ; 122 （11.3%） were new or severe ADR cases. CONCLUSION： The ADR occurrence is associated with many factors. To reduce the incidence of ADR, it is necessary to carry out ADR monitoring, perfect supervision system, standardize operations and achieve rational drugs use.