梁漱溟乡村建设理论与实践新探

On Liang Shuming's Theories and Practices of Rural Construction

梁漱溟的乡村建设理论与实践具有丰富的内涵。细加分析可以发现,其要点有五:"乡村破坏"是乡村建设的直接起因";救济乡村"与"创造新文化"是乡村建设的意义所在;促使农民自觉与构建新型的乡村组织是乡村建设的"顶要紧点",也是其逻辑起点;乡村建设需要认知和陶炼民族精神;"依附政权"与"乡村不动"是乡村建设的两大难处。视孔子一派的"理性"为救世良方,走社会改良主义的道路,从大处着眼(民族自救),从小处入手(乡村建设),通过乡村建设达成民族自救,是其乡村建设理论与实践的特点。

Liang Shuming＇s theories and practices of rural construction have four major points： ＂Villages damaging＂ is the direct cause of rural construction.＂Rescuing villages＂ and ＂creating a new culture＂ is the significance of rural construction.Promoting farmers to be conscious and building a new rural organizations is the top point of rural construction,and so is its logical starting point.Rural construction needs of recognizing and refining the national spirits.＂Depending on regimes and Villages＇ stillness＂ are the two difficulties of rural construction.Looking ＂emotion＂ of Confucius school as the salvation recipe,the path of social reformism,the big picture（national self-help）,start small（rural construction）,to achieve national self-help through rural construction,are the features of Liang Shuming＇s rural construction theories and practices.