人口老龄化趋势下我国农村独生子女家庭养老困境及破解

The Trend of the Aging of Population in China Rural One-child Family How to Settle the Pension Dilemma

农村独生子女家庭是一个特殊的社会群体,他们为中国的计划生育做出了重大贡献。但是,这一群体目前日益步入老龄化,他们的养老面临一系列困境,如:独生子女家庭养老的经济负担普遍较重,附加于计划生育政策上的政策性保障有限,养老风险较大,家庭养老功能弱化,社会养老功能不健全等等。为此,建议设立农村独生子女家庭养老专项基金,以减轻独生子女养老的经济负担;独生子女父母要加强自我养老意识,为自我养老创造条件;加大社会养老机构建设力度,应对未来不断增多的独生子女家庭养老挑战;发展壮大集体经济,建立健全社区养老服务体系,使其逐渐成为家庭养老的可替代性选择等。

Rural one-child family is a special group.They have made a significant contribution to control the Chinese population.But now this group is increasingly aging.Their pension faces a series of difficulties.Such as the one-child family economic burden is heavy;the policy security in addition to the family planning policy is limited;the risk of one-child family pension is very large;the family retirement function attenuates,social function is not perfect and so on.So it is needed to collect a portion of the money from the country＇s revenue to establish the rural one-child family endowment fund to reduce the economic burden of one-child.The one-child parents should strengthen self-pension consciousness and make certain material conditions to make them self endowment.Increasing the pension mechanism construction to endow the challenge of the increasing one-child family in the future;Develop and expand collective economy,establish and perfect the community nursing service system to make it become the alternative choice of family and so on.