IPv6和物联网

IPv6 and Internet of Things

由于互联网IPv4地址即将用尽,IPv6协议被越来越多的互联网专家和研究者看成是下一代互联网的基础协议。与IPv4相比,IPv6具备了更大的地址空间、更好的可扩展性、更高效的网络传输、更好的安全管理架构和更好的移动支持。除了对传统互联网的网络容量和性能的升级,IPv6在物联网的路由、寻址以及物联网应用基础协议设计之初就提供了很好的支持。本文一方面将从IPv6的基本概念入手,阐述与IPv4的区别,并介绍IPv6在中国的发展;另一方面通过对物联网需求的分析,着重介绍IPv6关键技术在物联网的应用,如6LoWPAN,RPL和CoAP协议,以及IPv6在IETF相关工作组的活动。

As the address of the IPv4 is running out, a growing number of experts and researchers are taking the IPv6 as the basic protocol of the next generation Internet. Compared with the IPv4, the IPv6 possess larger address space, higher scalability, more efficient network transmission, robust security management structure and better mobility support. In addition to the promotion of the network capacity and the performance of the traditional Internet, the IPv6 provide good supports for the Internet of Things, routing, addressing and the Interact of Things applications at the beginning of the design. This paper will start from the concept of the IPv6, then explain the differences with the IPv4 and describe the development in China. Moreover, with the requirement analysis of the Internet of Thing, the paper will emphasize on the key technologies in IPv6, such as 6LoWPAN, RPL, CoAP protocol and the activities in the IETF Working Group.