基于GIS和大气数值模拟技术评估兰州市PM_(10)的人群暴露水平

Assessment on population exposure levels of PM_(10) in Lanzhow based on GIS and atmospheric numerical simulation technology

利用2001年1月1日~31日兰州市城区PM10月均观测浓度和CMAQ空气质量模式模拟出的PM10月均浓度,基于GIS平台,将污染物浓度与人口的空间分布图层相叠加,并采用PM10人口加权算法,定量评估了兰州市居民的颗粒物暴露水平,并对应用这2套数据的评估结果进行了对比.结果表明,与使用观测数据相比,模拟的PM10浓度空间梯度较大,模拟结果更加细致地展示了PM10浓度在兰州城区的分布,同时PM10浓度的最小值和最大值跨度也较大.对比人口加权前后PM10浓度发现：人口加权后,从城区人口的空间分布来讲,兰州市有较多的人口分布在污染较重的地区.

The pollutant concentration layer and population spatial distribution layer in January 2001 were overlaid,based on monthly average PM10 concentrations from measurements and CMAQ simulations.Then population exposure levels were calculated by the population-weighted PM10 concentrations.Assessment results from these two different sets of data were also comparatively analyzed.The simulated PM10 concentration gradient is larger than the observed one.The simulation provides more detailed spatial distribution of PM10 concentrations as well as larger intervals between maxima and minima.Taking the factor of population weights into account,there are more people living in more polluted areas based on simulated PM10concentrations.