沿海某地优势菌感染伤口前后药敏谱改变的动物实验

Changes of drug-sensitivity spectra in wounds before and after infection with dominant bacteria in a coastal area

目的观察海水中优势细菌感染伤口前后的药物敏感性变化。方法 56只SPF小鼠致伤后随机分为实验组(浸泡在含有海洋细菌的人工海水中)、阴性对照组(浸泡在不含微生物的人工海水中),而后放入无菌层流柜中饲养,对实验鼠进行伤口分泌物培养、鉴定及药敏实验,与浸泡前菌株的药物敏感性对比分析。结果海水5种优势菌浸泡前及致伤浸泡后从小鼠伤口分离出的感染菌对氨苄西林(AMP)的平均耐药性最高(62.0%);对哌拉西林(PIP)的敏感性平均变化率最大(15.4%);对庆大霉素(GEN)、复方新诺明(SXT)、头孢噻肟(CTX)、亚胺培南(IPM)、左旋氧氟沙星(LVX)、诺氟沙星(NOR)、氯霉素(CL)、头孢噻肟/棒酸(CTX/CLAV)的敏感性最好,可作为海洋细菌感染的优选抗生素。结论沿海某地弧菌属对氨苄西林有高耐药性,其优势菌感染动物前后药敏谱有改变。

Objective To observe the changes of drug-sensitivity in wounds before and after infection with dominant bacteria in seawater.Methods Fifty-six specific pathogen-free（SPF） mice after injury were randomly divided into experimental group and negative control group.Mice in experimental group were immersed in artificial seawater containing marine bacteria and those in negative control group were immersed in seawater not containing marine bacteria,and then fed in aseptic containers.Secretion from wounds of experimental mice was cultured and identified with their drug sensitivity tested.Drug sensitivity of the bacteria before and after immersion was compared.Results The average resistance of the bacteria isolated from wound in mice to ampicillin and piperacilin was 62% and 15.4%,respectively,before and after immersion.Their sensitivity to gentamicin,SMZco,cefotaxime,imipenem,levofloxacin,norfloxacin,chloramphenicol,and cefotaxime/clav was the highest and these antibiotics should be recommended as the first choice for the wounds infected with marine bacteria.Conclusion Vibrio in a coastal area is highly resistant to ampicillin and its drug sensitivity spectra will change in wounds before and after infection with dominant bacteria.