微卫星分子标记在昆虫分子生态学研究上的应用

The application of microsatellite markers in insect molecular ecology

微卫星又称为简单重复序列,由1～6个核苷酸串联重复而成。由于其具有基因组中分布广泛、共显性遗传、变异丰富、易于被扩增及对DNA要求质量低等优点,近年来被广泛用于昆虫学研究的各个领域。本文对微卫星的开发技术革新进行综述,以应用实例阐述微卫星分子标记在昆虫生态学研究中所起的作用,探讨微卫星在应用过程中存在的问题及解决方案,并讨论微卫星分子标记的发展趋势。

Microsatellites, also known as simple sequence repeats （SSR）, are composed of small motifs of 1-6 nucleotides repeated in tandem. They have been widely used in entomological studies in recent years thanks to their characteristics of high level of polymorphism, codominant inheritance, high frequency of occurrence, ease of detection by PCR and low DNA quality required. The aim of the present paper is to review the various methods of microsatellites isolation used in recent years, and the application of mic- rosatellites in molecular ecology studies of insects. We also discussed the drawback of the microsatellite and resolving methods in studies. Finally_the filture of the molecular marker was also prospected.