果蔬采后病害生物防治的研究进展

Biological control of postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables by microbial antagonists

采用生防菌进行果蔬采后病害的生物防治是一种安全有效的方法。过去20年内,国内外研究者在生防菌的筛选、作用机制、提高生防效果的途径等方面做了大量的研究,而且目前国际市场上已有几种商业化生防产品。尽管如此,未来仍需要筛选效力高的生防菌,深入研究其生防机制以及生防菌、病原菌、寄主之间的互作模式,使生物防治成为能真正替代化学杀菌剂的方法。本文综述了近年来果蔬采后病害生物防治的研究成果,探讨了未来提高生防效果的研究方向。

Biological control of postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables by microbial antagonists is a safe and effective method. During the last two decades, huge information and advances concerning the selection of antagonists, mode of action and different ap- proaches to enhance biocontrol activity have been achieved, and some biofungicides are already in the market. Nonetheless, it is necessary to continue finding new potential microorganisms, better understanding the mode of action, and pathogen, antagonist and host interactions, to increase the potential of biocontrol, and turn into a real alternative to chemical synthetics. This article presents an overview of postharvest biological control studies and explores new research possibilities to improve biocontrol activity.