农民阶层分化与农地产权偏好:基于江苏泰州的调查分析

Different Farmers’Strata and Their Special Fondness for Rural Land Property Rights:Survey Analysis on Taizhou City,Jiangsu Province

农民职业多样化引起了农民阶层的分化。不同阶层的农民对土地的依赖程度不同,从而对农村土地产权产生了不同偏好。收入水平较低的农民,对土地依赖程度较高,对土地产权的生产性收益权、保障性收益权、农业用途使用权偏好较强;收入水平较高的农民,对土地的依赖程度降低,对土地的流转收益权、非农业用途使用权、转让权、抵押权偏好较强;许多农民对土地的剩余控制权、剩余收益权、继承权等偏好较强;大部分农民并没有表现出对土地所有权的强烈偏好。未来的农地制度改革应该针对不同阶层的农民,提出不同的改革措施,在充分尊重农民意愿的基础上,提高制度改革的整体效率。

Farmers are divided into different strata because of their various professions.Farmers of different strata depend on their rural land to different extent,and have different special fondness for property rights.Those farmers who have lower family income depend more heavily on land,with special fondness for rural land property rights including productivity profit right,safeguard profit right and the right for agricultural use.Those farmers with higher family income depend less on land,with special land fondness for transferring profit right,right for non-agricultural use,transferring right and mortgage right.Many farmers have strong fondness for rural land property right of residual,right of residual control and inherit right.The majority of them do not have special fondness for rural land ownership right.Therefore,concerning the future reform on the rural land system,different measures should be taken towards farmers with different strata so as to increase the overall efficiency of system reform,on the basis of respecting the farmers’willingness.