药物载体PAMAM树状大分子的毒理

Toxicity of PAMAM Dendrimers as Drug Carrier

聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)是研究最为广泛的一类非病毒载体,其由一个引发核及径向连接的重复支化单元组成。由于其独特的树状结构,PAMAM在药物运载、基因治疗、重大疾病早期诊断等方面具有广阔的应用前景。但是由于PAMAM端基带正电可能会引起其潜在的生物毒性,从而影响其在生物医药方面的应用。目前关于PAMAM树状聚合物的毒性报道比较少且分散。分别从体外和体内总结归纳了PAMAM树状大分子毒性问题的研究进展,并尝试对毒性机理以及表面修饰降低毒性进行了探讨。

Polyamidoamine（PAMAM） is one of the most widely studied non-virus carriers, which has potential foreground in the fields of drug delivery, gene therapy and the early diagnosis of major diseases as its unique structure. But the end groups of PAMAM are positively charged, which may cause potential biological toxicity and affects their biological application. However, research on toxicity of PAMAM dendrimers is few and scattered. The in vivo, in vitro and mechanism of toxicity, as well as improvement of biocompatibility of PAMAM by surface engineering are reviewed.