昆虫生长调节剂的毒理机制与抗药性研究进展

Toxicological mechanisms and resistance of insect growth regulators

昆虫生长调节剂是通过干扰昆虫正常生长发育,致使昆虫个体死亡或活动能力下降,从而导致种群灭绝的一类特异性杀虫剂。本文对3类重要的昆虫生长调节剂(保幼激素类似物、几丁质合成抑制剂和蜕皮激素类似物)的毒理作用机制以及害虫对其抗药性的研究进展进行了综述,叙述了害虫对该类药剂的抗药性发展情况,并对其抗药性机理进行了探讨。目前研究表明,害虫对该类药剂的主要抗性机理是解毒代谢酶增强和表皮穿透率降低。

Insect growth regulators （IGRs） are specialized insecticides that can cause the death of insect populations by disturbing the normal life cycle of insects, increasing individual mortality, or disturbing their activity capabilities. Compared to traditional pesticides, which act on neurological system, the functional mechanism of IGRs differs in that it has a lower toxicity level. This leads to lower contamination probability, limited influence on natural past enemies and beneficial organisms, thus more favorable to the de- velopment of sustainable agriculture. This review describes in details the classification of IGRs. The toxicological mechanisms of three important IGRs （juvenile hormone analog, chitin synthesis inhibitor and molting hormone analog） are described as well as the theories that may explain the development of insecticide resistant in some pests. This review provides insights that can be used to better develop new IGRs and understand their application potential.