高速公路隧道进口段的安全评价技术

Safety Evaluation Techniques for Tunnel Entrance Sections on Expressway

为评价高速公路隧道进口段的安全性,保障车辆在隧道进口段的行车安全,对隧道路段车辆速度进行了观测,并开展了驾驶员心理生理指标的实车试验。在分析隧道路段车速和驾驶员心理生理指标变化特征的基础上,运用数理统计的方法建立了隧道进口平纵线形指标对车辆速度、平均速度差以及驾驶员心率增长率的影响关系模型。结果表明:隧道进口平纵线形对小型车速度和平均速度差影响较小,对大型车速度和平均速度差影响相对较大;平纵线形综合指标对驾驶员心率增长率影响明显。结合国内外相关研究成果,针对隧道进口段提出了基于平均速度差和驾驶员心率增长率的安全评价方法和评价标准。

In order to evaluate the safety performance of tunnel entrance sections on expressway and ensure the travelling safety of vehicles at tunnel entrance sections, the vehicle speeds at tunnel sections were surveyed, and the real vehicle tests for drivers＇psychology and physiology indices were conducted. The model of effects of geometric alignments of tunnel entrances on vehicle speed, average speed difference and heart rate increment of drivers was established by using mathematical statistics through the analysis of changes in driving speeds and drivers＇ psychology and physiology indices at tunnel sections. The results show that （ 1 ） the effects of geometric alignments on speeds of small vehicles and average speed difference at tunnel entrance are small, while the effects on speeds of large vehicles and average speed difference are relatively large; （2） the combined influence of horizontal and vertical alignments of tunnel entrance on heart rate increment of drivers is obvious. On basis of existing domestic and foreign research findings, the safety evaluation methods and evaluation criteria for tunnel entrance sections based on average speed difference of vehicles and heart rate increment of drivers were proposed.