不同天气条件下荒漠绿洲区酿酒葡萄植株耗水规律

Water consumption of wine grape under different weather conditions in desert oasis

研究葡萄植株耗水变化规律,是优化葡萄园灌溉制度、充分挖掘葡萄种植节水潜力的理论基础。本研究利用包裹式茎流计对荒漠绿洲区葡萄植株液流动态进行了一个生育期的连续观测。结果表明:在生育初期,叶面积线性决定液流变化(R2=0.65),而在中后期,各环境因子成为影响液流的主要因素。通过区分晴天(日照百分率>60%)和阴天(日照百分率<60%)后发现,在生育中后期,葡萄植株液流对净辐射、大气温湿度和土壤水分在不同天气下的响应形式存在显著差异:阴天液流与辐射和大气温湿度的相关性明显高于晴天,而液流与土壤水分的相关性则明显低于晴天;不同天气条件下影响液流的主要气象因子亦有所不同:晴天主要为净辐射,阴天则主要为空气相对湿度。该研究揭示了不同天气条件下荒漠绿洲区葡萄植株耗水控制机制,并对科学灌溉制度的建立提供了理论依据。

Variation of vine-tree sap flow is critical for optimizing irrigation schedule and improving water use efficiency in the vineyard. A Dynamax sap flow measuring system was used to measure the vine-tree sap flow for a whole growing season in 2010 at Huangtai vineyard, Wuwei Experimental Station of Crop Water Use, Ministry of Agriculture in China. Results indicated that the vine-tree sap flow was mainly controlled by the leaf area index at initial growth stage, while by radiation, air temperature and humidity and soil moisture at the mid and later growth stage. But the response patXerns of vine-tree sap flow to these environmental factors were notably different under different weather conditions. The agreement between sap flow and such meteorological factors, such as radiation, air temperature and humidity in the cloudy days was significantly higher than that in the clear days, while the agreement between sap flow and soil moisture in cloudy days was notably lower than that clear days. In addition, the sap flow was predominantly affected by radiation in clear days, while by air humidity in the cloudy day,;. This study revealed the mechanism of water consumption under different weather conditions in desert oasis.