基于LUPO模型的德清县土地利用空间布局优化

Land use spatial structure optimization based on LUPO model in Deqing county

随着人口的增长、经济的迅猛发展和城镇的快速扩张,土地利用的强度逐年增大,中国土地细碎化问题越来越严重。该文从减少土地细碎度、保护生物生境和提高土地集中利用效率和效益的多重角度出发,在满足经济和社会发展的前提下,设置了3种情景模式,构建了基于GIS、GA、多目标决策和景观生态学理论基础上的土地空间布局优化模型,并对模型的研究尺度、转换规则和算法流程进行了详细研究。在利用Annelie Holzkamper等提供的LUPOlib1.0软件包基础上,采用C/C++语言进行程序的二次开发,以德清县为例,对其土地的空间布局优化进行了计算机动态模拟仿真。通过优化模型,虽然工业和城镇用地的集聚度有所降低,但耕地、园地、林地和农村居民点用地等的集聚程度都有所提高,整体而言,土地的细碎度得到了降低。研究结果表明,该模型可用于优化土地的空间布局,减少土地的细碎度。

With the population growth, the rapid economic development and quick expansion of cities, the intensity of land-use is increasing, and the problem of land fragmentation has grown more and more serious. On the condition that the demand of economic and social development was satisfied, a model of land use spatial structure optimization was constructed based on GIS, genetic algorithm, multi-objective decision and landscape ecology theory, which could reduce the degree of landscape fragmentation, protect the habitat of living things, and improve the efficiency and benefit of land use. The scale issues, conversion rules and algorithm flow of the model were also studied particularly in this paper. On the basis of LUPOlibl.0 software package provided by Annelie Holzkamper, etc., the secondary development of the procedure by using C/C＋＋ language was carried out. Taking Deqing County as an example, its land use spatial structure optimization was studied by computer emulation on dynamic process. By using the optimization model, although the industrial and urban land concentration was decreased, the agglomeration degree of farmland, garden, forest and rural residential land was improved, and as a whole, the degree of land fragmentation was reduced. The results indicated that this model can be used to optimize land use spatial structure and reduce land fragmentation.