美债问题对中美关系的影响

The U.S. Debt Problem and Its Impact on Sino-U.S. Relations

近年来,美国国债问题日益引起国际社会的瞩目。奥巴马政府采取了削减预算赤字等措施来缓解国债剧增的压力。积重难返的美债问题给中国等债权国的资产安全带来隐忧;而中国作为美国最大债权国,同样造成了美国国家安全的担忧。由于中美债务关系的非对称性,美国的行动能力并未受到影响。美债问题还间接加剧了中美贸易摩擦及人民币汇率问题的争议。中美债务关系的相互依赖还将长期持续,并将对中美关系产生深远影响。

In recent years, the U. S. federal debt has drawn increasing concerns from foreign owners of the U. S. treasure bonds. Although the Obama administration has taken steps to cut the budget deficit of the federal government to reduce the pressure from the debt problem, the huge debt has posed threat to asset security of holders of the debt such as China. Being the lar gest foreign owner of the US treasure bonds, China has also upset the US for worries of their na- tional security. However, as China has little leverage over the US in the debt issue, this does not restrict the US action. The issue of US debt has also indirectly intensified the Sino-US trade con-flicts and the controversy over the RMB exchange rate. The paper concludes that the mutual de-pendence of China and the US on the issue of debt will exist for a long time. It will leave far-reac-hing impact on the Sino-US relations.