NICU医院感染分析及预防治疗措施

Nosocomial infections in NICU and preventive countermeasures

目的了解某医院新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)医院感染现状,以加强前瞻性监控,减少NICU医院感染发生。方法采取回顾性和前瞻性相结合的调查方法,对NICU 2007-2010年4811例出院患儿的临床资料进行调查分析。结果 4年中发生医院感染101例、106例次,感染率为2.10%、例次感染率为2.20%;2007-2010年感染率分别为2.28%、3.14%、1.61%、1.62%;不同年份NICU部位感染率不同,4年平均感染部位中以呼吸系统发生率最高,其中下呼吸道占25.47%,上呼吸道占17.92%;4年平均季度感染率中,第四季度最高、第二季度最低,分别为3.07%、0.95%。结论加强前瞻性监测并采取一系列控制措施可有效降低医院感染的发生。

OBJECTIVE To understand the status of nosocomial infections in neonatal intensive care unit（NICU） so as to enhance the prospective monitoring and reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections in NICU.METHODS By means of retrospective investigation combined with prospective investigation,the clinical data of 4811 children who discharged from hospital from 2007 to 2010 were investigated and analyzed.RESULTS During the four years,nosocomial infection occurred in 101 patients with the infection rate of 2.10%,106 case-times in total,the case-time infection rate was 2.20%;the infeciton rates from 2007 to 2010 were 2.28%,3.14%,1.61%,and 1.62%,respectively;the incidence of nosocomial infections varied in the sites and years;the respiratory tract infections ranked the first place,among which the lower respiratory tract infections accounted for 25.47%,and upper respiratory tract infections accounted for 17.92%;the average infection rate of the four years the was highest in the fourth quarter（3.07%） and the lowest in the second quarter（0.95%）.CONCLUSION To strengthen the prospective monitoring and take a series of control measures can effectively reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.