结构现实主义外交政策理论的构建与拓展——兼论对理解中国外交政策的启示

The Development and Extension of Structural Realist Foreign Policy Theory and Considerations for Understanding Chinese Foreign Policy

基于当下外交政策研究领域所呈现出的理论有效供给不足的局面,国际关系理论界围绕外交政策能否建立简约系统的理论以及结构现实主义外交政策理论是否可行展开了争论。本文对既有争论进行了回顾和梳理,剖析了结构现实主义外交政策理论的必要性与可行性。在此基础上,深入评估了进攻性现实主义、防御性现实主义与新古典现实主义等现实主义理论分支在外交政策理论探索中的进展与不足。同时,本文对结构现实主义外交政策理论的拓展进行了尝试,试图开拓出更加纯粹、有力的理论发展路径,完善结构现实主义外交政策理论的解释力。最后,运用结构现实主义外交政策理论剖析了中国外交存在的规律性现象,并剖析了其在未来外交政策构建中可能得到的体现与拓展。

The present deficit of effective theories of foreign policy,has led scholars of international relations theory to debate whether crafting simple and systematic theories of foreign policy is possible,and whether such theories stemming from structural realism are tenable.This article provides an in-depth assessment of both progress and gaps in the literature on foreign policy theory stemming from perspectives of offensive realism,defensive realism,neo-classical realism and other realist schools of thought.The article continues by attempting to develop a simple yet powerful theory which can enhance the explanatory power of structural realist theories of foreign policy.In closing,the article applies structural realist foreign policy theory to explain patterns in Chinese diplomacy and to illustrate the prospects for applying such theories to future foreign policy efforts.