泰国温和应对中国崛起的动因与启示(1997～2012)

Motivations Behind and Implications of Thailand's Warm Response to China's Rise(1997-2012)

1997年亚洲金融危机之后,与美国的其他东亚盟国相比,泰国对华政治安全政策明显较为温和。本文认为,推动泰国温和应对中国崛起的根本因素在于危机之后泰国不断强化其经济优先的国内战略。为了落实这一发展战略,与中国没有直接安全矛盾的泰国,乐于采取温和的政治安全政策以强化与中国的友好关系,深化与中国的经济合作,为其落实经济优先战略创造更为有利的外部条件。在这一过程中,中国在泰国处于危难之际及时提供援助对于泰国温和政策的形成也发挥了一定的作用。泰国的经验表明,与中国没有战略矛盾并不足以保证周边国家采取温和政策,以积极应对中国实力的不断崛起。更加值得注意的是,泰国因注重与中国的经济合作而在政治安全上温和应对中国崛起的实践非常特殊,并不具有普遍性。中国有必要尽早实现东亚地区经济政策和安全政策的协调一致,并针对东亚国家安全政策和安全威胁的不同特点,设计差异化的安全政策,以有效缓解在周边外交中遭遇的崛起困境。

Following the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis,in comparison with other American allies in the East Asia,Thailand's political and security policies towards China have been relatively mild.It is argued here that the key driver behind Thailand's warm response to China's rise is the growing priority given to economic factors in Thailand's domestic strategy following the financial crisis.China's experience with Thailand demonstrates that the mere absence of security conflicts is not sufficient to ensure that its neighboring countries will adopt friendly policies which respond positively to the continuous growth of Chinese power.China must harmonize its economic and security policies in East Asia,and customize its security policies towards countries in the region based on the characteristics of their respective security policies and the security threats they represent.