张謇高等教育理念的历史意蕴与当代价值

Historical Meaning and Contemporary Value of Zhang Jian's Philosophy of Higher Educational

中国近代著名教育家、实业家、社会活动家张謇的教育理念深刻而富有前瞻性,他的"救亡图强"的教育宗旨,"学必期于用,用必适于地"的教育模式,"道德优美,学术纯粹"的育人标准,"德、智、体、群"并育的教育方针,"师贵严"、"学需静"的教风学风等等,不仅在一百年前开启了中国高等教育现代化的大门,在一百年后的今天仍具有重要的应用价值。

ZHANG Jian, the famous modern Chinese educationist, businessman, social activist, created a wealth of ed- ucational theories. At the same time, he established hundreds of preliminary and middle schools and dozens of universities in his lifetime. His educational philosophy is profound and forward-looking, including the educational objective of ＂nation- al salvation and strengthen＂, the educational mode of ＂the aim of study is usage, and usage should be suitable to the ac- tual conditions＂, the educational standards of ＂excellent moral, pure academic＂, the educational policy of ＂developing moral, intelligence, physical and social intercourse together＂, and the educational methods of ＂teachers should be strict and students should focus on the study in the process of teaching＂ etc. These ideas opened the door of modernization of Chinese higher education 100 years ago, and still have important applied value today.