儿童难治性癫痫的长期治疗

Long-term management of intractable epilepsy in children

治疗癫癎患者的最终目标是摆脱癫癎发作,但有些癫癎患儿可能需要终身治疗,尤其是难治性癫癎患儿更加现实的目标是降低具有致残性发作类型的发作频率。长期发作会影响患儿社会活动、心理、认知等功能,因此对这些患儿的长期管理需要儿科和神经内科医师,以及社会工作者联合给予终身关爱。在治疗过程中,临床医师应定期评价患儿病情,注意预防和控制抗癫癎药物的不良反应,监测抗癫癎药物相关不良事件;为难治性癫癎患儿选择最佳治疗方案,在收益与风险之间达到平衡,提高患儿生活质量。

Achievement of seizure free is the ultimate goal of patients with epilepsy. Lifelong treatment may be needed in some epileptic children, especially in those with intractable epilepsy. To be more realistic, this goal may be modified to reduce the frequency of more disabling types of seizures. Chronic seizures influence children in social activities, psychology, cognition as well as many other aspects. Therefore, their long-term management requires concerted lifelong care of pediatricians, neurologists and social workers. During the course of treatment, doctors should evaluate the patients regularly, prevent and control the side effects of antiepileptic drugs （AEDs） and monitor patients for AEDs-associated adverse events. In addition, doctors should choose the optimal therapeutic regimen for patients with refractory epilepsy, and achieve a balance between benefit and risk in order to improve the quality of life of patients.