人类学家大贯惠美子的历史世界--兼及历史人类学的相关讨论

Anthropologist Emiko Ohnuki-Tierney’s Retrospect of Historic World——And Related Discussions on History Anthropology

人类学家大贯惠美子的学术旨趣表现为以"历史"的方式来理解稻米、猴子和樱花三个"关键象征"与日本民族的自我认同、民族主义及军国主义变迁的象征关联,在她看来,这种关联与外在世界政治、经济力量的影响密不可分。本文以此为出发点,以中国经验为例延展讨论了历史人类学的一些核心问题。尽管文化在历史过程中会发生变迁,但也不能忽视文化的连贯性;来自外部的力量推动了文化的变迁,但更重要的是需要挖掘内部的动力。如此这样,才能真正书写"土著的历史"。

Anthropologist Emiko Ohnuki -Tierney＇s academic pursue is constructed in historical retrospect around her interests on three key Japanese Symbolic items： Rice, Monkey, and Sakura; their symbolic relevance to Japanese national identity, the transitions of nationalism and the evolution of Japanese militarism. The essential debate in historiology is built around the driving force of cultural transformation whether does it come from external forces or from internal ones？ She holds the former, namely the outside political and economic forces. However, the author argues that Chinese case shows that inner factors are decisive in maintaining the Chinese cultural continuity. Finally, the narratives of ＂ aboriginal history＂ cannot be depicted without attention to the inner forces.