星体型人工鱼礁流场效应的数值模拟

Numerical simulation on flow field around star artificial reefs

人工鱼礁在海中不同的投放方式会产生不同的流场效应,为了研究不同摆放方式下星体型人工鱼礁周围的流场分布,该文利用FLUENT软件,采用RNGk-ε湍流模型,模拟了不同流速(0.3、0.5、0.8m/s)及摆设方式对星体型人工鱼礁流场的影响,并将数值模拟结果与其他研究方法的结果相比较。结果显示,FLUENT数值模拟结果与其他数值模拟方法的结果基本相符,表明该数值模拟方法能较好的反映人工鱼礁周围上升流和背涡流特征。其中,组合鱼礁横向摆放时,最大上升流速度、上升流面积及上升流高度均随布设间距的增大而增大,背涡流面积随布设间距的增大而减小;纵向摆放时,当两礁体间距为1.5倍礁体尺寸时,上升流高度、上升流面积和两礁体后背涡流面积达到最大值;两礁体间的背涡流面积随鱼礁间距的增大而增大。该研究可为人工鱼礁在海底的投放方式和投放间距提供理论参考。

Artificial reefs placed in the sea with different layouts, would produce different flow field. The flow field of star artificial reef on different layouts and flow velocities （0.3, 0.5, 0.8 m/s） were simulated using the RNG k-ε turbulent model. The numerical simulation results are consistent with results observed in other methods. Therefore, the method of numerical simulation can reflect the situations of upwelling and back eddy around star artificial reef. With the increment of disposal space, the maximum velocity, area and height of upwelling increased and the back eddy area decreased in side-by-side arrangement. In tandem arrangement, the height of upwelling, the upwelling area and the back eddy area between two artificial reefs reached the maximum value at the 1.5 ratio of disposal space and the upwelling area reached the maximum value at the ratio of 1. The back eddy area increased with the increment of disposal space. The research can provide a reference for layouts and disposal space of artificial reefs put in sea bed.