处理污水后陶粒作为栽培基质的试验

Experimental Study on Used Ceramsite From Wastewater Treatment as Culture Substrate

以秸秆-粉煤灰陶粒(比表面积为7.925 m2·g-1)作为曝气生物滤池(BAF)载体填料,处理城市污水和餐饮废水,其COD、NH3-N和TP去除率分别为90.33%、77.44%、82.41%和86.50%、68.98%、80.30%。对处理污水后陶粒的农用资源化可行性进行评估,考察陶粒不同施用量对小白菜(Brassica chinensis)种子萌发、生长状况和产量的影响。结果表明,处理污水后陶粒的性能指标达到GB 8172—87《城镇垃圾农用标准》;陶粒质量分数为20%时小白菜种子发芽率最高,且萌发较快,在5 d时达到100%;随陶粒施用量增加,小白菜长势更好,产量大致呈增加趋势,陶粒质量分数为80%时增产率最高,为352.51%。但陶粒施用量越高,栽培基质抗干旱能力越差,陶粒质量分数为20%和40%处理具有较好的土壤保湿效果。

Ceramsite （ SSA = 7. 925 m2 . g -1） made from fly ash and wheat straw is often used as filling in biological aer- ated filter （BAF） for treating municipal sewage and restaurant wastewater, enabling BAF to remove 90. 33% , 77. 44% , 82. 41% and 86. 50% , 68.98% , 80. 30% of COD, NH3-N, and TP from two kinds of wastewater, respectively. How the used ceramsite from the system could be recycled as resource for agricultural use was once under feasibility study, which was aimed at exploring effects of its use on seed germination, growth, drought-resistance and yield of Brassica chinensis. Results show that the substance meets the standard for use of urban wastes in agriculture （GB 8172 -87）. The treatment of 20% ceramsite in the culture substrate was the highest, reaching 100% within five days, in seed germination rate. The plant grew better with increasing content of ceramsite in the substrate, and its yield showed a rising trend, too. It in- creased by as high as 352.51% , when ceramsite reached 80% in the culture substrate. However, drought resistance of the substrate was negatively correlated with the content of ceramsite, and the substrates with 20% and 40% of ceramsite were more capable of preserving soil moisture.