早产儿早期微量肠内喂养疗效观察

Curative effect of early minimal enteral feeding on premature infants

目的观察早期微量肠内喂养在早产儿营养支持治疗中的疗效。方法将52例早产儿随机分为两组，观察组26例，给予早期微量肠内喂养联合肠道外营养，对照组26例给予肠道外营养。对比观察两组达足量肠内营养时间、体重增长情况、住院时间，以及喂养不耐受、胆汁淤积、血糖与血脂异常等合并症发生情况。结果观察组患儿达全肠道喂养时间（12．81±4．62d）、住院时间（18．6±5．7d）比对照组全肠道喂养时间（17．67±6．30d）、住院时间（26．9±4．2d）明显缩短，观察组的低血糖（15．4％）、高血脂（7．7％）、胆汁淤积（19．2％）的发生率显著低于对照组低血糖（42．3％）。高血脂（30．8％）、胆汁淤积（61．5％）。结论早期胃肠道微量喂养可以缩短住院天数，减少并发症发生，而且能使早产儿更快的过渡至全肠道喂养，从而促进疾病的康复及生长发育。

Objective To examine the curative effect of the minimal enteral feeding on nutrition support therapy in preterm infants. Methods Fifty-two preterm infants were randomly divided into observation group （26 cases） receiving early minimal internal feeding as well as intravenous nutrition, and control group （26 cases） receiving only parenteral nutrition. The time for sufficient amount of enteral nutrition was reached, weight gaining, length of hospital stay, feeding intolerance and complications of cholestasis, blood glucose and dyslipidemia of two groups were observed and compared. Results The time to reach hrll enteral feeding （12.81 ~ 4. 62d） and length of hospital stay （ 18.6 ~ 5.7d） in observation group were significantly shorter than those in control group （ 17.67 ~ 6.30 and 26.9 ~ 4.2d, respectively）. The incidence rates of hypoglycemia （ 15.4% ）, hyperlipemia （7.7%） and cholestasis （ 19.2% ） in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group （42.3%, 30.8% and 61.5%, respectively）. Conclusion Early minimal gastrointestinal feeding can shorten the length of hospital stay and reduce eomplications. It is also helpful for transition to full enteral feeding and thus promotes rehabilitation and growth.