平凉市1920名学龄前儿童视力筛查分析

Analysis of vision screening of 1 920 preschool children in Pingliang City

目的对平凉市崆峒区幼儿园在园儿童视力进行筛查，了解各年龄组儿童视力状况，分析视力异常儿童屈光状态，为进一步做好儿童眼保健工作提供依据。方法整群抽取6所幼儿园在园儿童1920名，应用图形视力表筛查儿童视力。结果1920名儿童中视力异常者有189人，异常率为9．84％。随着年龄的增长，视力异常率增高，5岁儿童最高，6岁时视力异常率下降。各年龄组间视力异常率比较有显著性差异（X^2=8．642，P〈0．05）。各年龄组儿童平均正常视力随年龄增长而逐渐提高，视力异常儿童的屈光状态以远视为主，占55．56％。结论每年至少应进行1次儿童视力筛查，可有效预防其眼病的发生，使儿童的视觉异常在敏感期或最佳期得到纠正。加强儿童眼保健健康教育宣传，从而引起社会各届的高度重视，共同做好儿童眼保健工作。

Objective To screen the vision of kindergarten children in Pingliang Kongdong District, understand children＇s visual acuity of each age group and analyze refractive status of the children with vision disorders, so as to provide evidence for further improving children＇ s eye health care. Methods 1 920 children from six kindergartens were selected by cluster sampling and their vision was screened with graphical eye chart. Results There were 189 out of 1920 children with vision disorders and the abnormal rate was 9.84%. As the increasing of age, eyesight abnormal rate elevated. It was highest in 5-year-old children, but it declined in 6-year-old children. The differences in abnormal vision rate among different age groups were statistically significant （Xz = 8. 642,P 〈0.05）. Average normal vision was improved with the increasing of age in each group, and refractive status of children with abnormal vision was mainly hyperopia, occupying 55.56%. Conclusion Vision screening at least once every year can prevent eye anomalies effectively and correct children＇ s anomalopia in sensitive or best period. Education and promotion on children＇ s eye care and health should be strengthened so as to attract great attention from society and work together for children eye care.