不同叶夹角玉米杂交种产量潜势的研究

A Study on the Yield Potential in Maize Hybrids with Different Leaf Angles

1985—1986年在中等肥力下对3种不同叶夹角玉米杂交种的研究表明,在本试验的密度范围中,平展叶中单2号产量与密度呈显著负相关(r=-0.779~* n=9),直立叶(无叶舌)中单2号产量与密度呈极显著正相关(r=0.970^(**) n=9),上挺叶 Mo17/Lg×黄早四产量与密度呈显著正相关(r=0.797^(**) n=9)。在光合性状与产量关系研究中发现,平展叶中单2号最适 LAI 是3.5,直立叶中单2号最适 LAI 是4.5,上挺叶 Mo17/Lg×黄早四最适 LAI 是4.0。本试验结果表明,在试验密度中产量最高的是直立叶中单2号5000株/亩,其次是上挺叶 Mo17/Lg×黄早四4000株/亩,分别比平展叶中单2号3000株/亩的最高产量增产20.4%和11.4%。试验还表明,在常规玉米育种基础上,开展选育、应用上挺叶和直立叶杂交种,似是提高中、上等肥力玉米田产量水平的一个有效途径。

This study was carried out in 1985 and 1986,in Taiyuan,Shaanxi province.Theresults could be summerized as follows:In the range from proper to high plant densities,the correlation coefficients between yields and densities for Zhong Dan No.2 with flat leaf was significantlynegative(r=-0.779~*, n=9),highly significantly positive(r=0.970^(**),n=9)for ZhongDan No.2 with erect leaf(ligule-less)and significantly positive(r=0.797~* n=9)forMo17/lg×Huang Zao No.4 with upright leaf respectively.As for the relationship between photosynthetic characters and yield,the optimumLAI for Zhong Dan No.2 with flat leaf,Zhong Dan No.2 with erect leaf andMo17/lg×Huang Zao No.4 with upright leafrwere 3.5,4.5 and 4.0 respectively.The results indicated that Zhong Dan No.2 with erect leaf under a density of5000 plants/mu gave the highest yield.The next was Mo17/lg×Huang Zao No.4with upright leaf under a density of 4000 plants/mu.They yielded 20.4% and 11.4%more than Zhong Dan No.2 with flat leaf under a density of 3000 plants/murespectively.The results also indicated that the development of hybrids with upright and erectleaf seems to be an effective approach to increase the yield level of maize under medium to high soil fertility.