汽车碰撞兼容性的影响因素及测试方法分析

Analysis of influence factors and test procedures of vehicle crash compatibility

汽车的碰撞兼容性研究有助于降低事故造成的人员损伤;而与先进国家相比较,中国的相关研究还相对薄弱。该文回顾了国际上对兼容性研究的背景,总结了兼容性的主要影响因素,分析了国际协调研究机构(IHRA)、美国国家公路交通安全管理局(NHTSA)、欧洲车辆安全促进委员会第15工作组(EEVC-WG15)等所提议的几种兼容性测试评价方法,并比较了这些测试方法的优缺点。根据中国的实际情况,该文研究认为:中国当前研究重点是轿车和货车的碰撞兼容性,尤其是几何外形方面的兼容性。

To investigate vehicle compatibility is helpful to reduce the casualties and damages in crash accidents, but the related research in China is far behind that in advanced countries. This paper reviews the research backgrounds of vehicle crash compatibility and the main influencing factors and introduces recent progress and the test procedures proposed by the International Harmonized Research Activities Committee （IHRA）, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration （NHTSA） and the Working Group 15 of the European Enhanced Vehicle Safety Committee （EEVC-WG15）. Comparisons of the advantages and disadvantages of these procedures show that based on the current situation, car-to-truck crash compatibility is most needed to be studied and solved in China, especially geometry compatibility.