车用燃料电池系统的性能衰退机理及影响因素分析

Review on degradation mechanism and in fluence factors for vehicular fuel cell systems

耐久性问题是制约车用燃料电池系统产业化的一个关键。该文以目前最常用的全氟磺酸膜燃料电池为对象,基于文献研究法,对目前在燃料电池耐久性、性能衰退方面的研究成果进行分析和整理,归纳了车用质子交换膜燃料电池系统中膜、催化剂、气体扩散层、双极板等主要组件的性能衰退机理,利用逻辑链分析方法描述了其性能衰退的过程,归纳了道路环境下影响燃料电池性能衰退的不同原因类型,给出了车载运行环境和操作工况对燃料电池性能衰退影响的半定量分析,给出了改进燃料电池系统耐久性的一些方法。

The limitation of durability is a bottle neck for the vehicular proton exchange membrane （PEM） fuel system industrialization. This paper focuses on the perfluorinated sulfonic acid membrane typed fuel cell and gives a complete review on its key components＇ degradation mechanism through deliberate analyses and conclusions to the achievements of PEM fuel cell performance degradation research by native and overseas scientists. Logic link chart was used to describe the inner relationship of each degradation phenomenon of the membrane, catalyst, gas diffusion layer and bipolar plate. The causation of PEM fuel under road operating conditions is concluded and classified with the semi-qualitative analysis figured out and methods for mitigating performance degradation suggested.