我国儿童虐待防治法律制度的完善

Improvement of the Legal Systems for Preventing Torture of Children in China

儿童虐待是一种严重侵害儿童身心健康的违法行为。我国规制儿童虐待的法律主要有专门性的《未成年人保护法》和《义务教育法》与非专门性的《宪法》、《刑法》、《婚姻法》等法律。儿童虐待防治法律制度存在立法形式分散,缺乏系统性;儿童虐待报告制度残缺不全;调查与处理制度暂付阙如及受虐儿童保护制度设计不合理等缺陷。借鉴域外经验,我们应将儿童虐待定义明确化、制定儿童虐待强制报告制度、设立儿童代理人制度、改革儿童收养与寄养法律制度并设立儿童虐待调查与处理制度。

Torture of children is an illegal action against children＇s physical and mental health. Laws regula- ting torture of children in China include Protection of Minors Act ＆ Compulsory Education Law and Constitution, Penal Code, Marriage Law, etc. There are some defects in torture of children prevention, including the legislative dispersion, incomplete reporting system to torture of children, lack of investigation and handling system and the unreasonable design of the battered child protection system and so on. Learning from foreign experience, we can improve our legal system for torture of children prevention through clear definition for torture of children, compulsory reporting system for torture of children, agent system for children, reforming the legal systems for children adoption and fosterage, including investigation and processing systems for torture of children.