民事再审功能的重新审视——兼评我国《民事诉讼法》第179条的再审条件

A New Review of Civil Retrial Function——on the Retrial Conditions of the 179th Article of Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China

民事再审的功能不应当是"纠错",也不是维护裁判的公信力和权威,而应当是补充性权利救济,即对一审、二审权利保障不足之补救。补充性权利救济功能的指导思想是保障人权,以保护和实现当事人的实体权利和程序权利为宗旨。通过补充性权利救济功能的视角来分析我国《民事诉讼法》第179条的再审条件,其中原裁判认定的基本事实缺乏证据证明、原裁判认定事实的主要证据未经质证和管辖错误等都不宜作为再审条件继续存在,再审条件亦应据此适度修改。

Civil retrial function is not error check and maintaining public credibility of judgment, but supple- mentary rights remedy. The guiding theory of supplementary rights remedy is protecting human rights and realizing substantive rights and procedural rights. To analyze the 179th of article of China Civil Procedure Law from supple- mentary rights remedy, the absence of proof, the proof without question of evidence and mistake of competency are not suitable to be existed. Retrial conditions should be revised as well.