论张裕钊论文书信中的文章学观

A Discussion about the Views of Zhang Yu-zhao’s Essays in His Letters Talking about Essays

张裕钊不仅是中国近代颇有影响的文学家,而且也是桐城派发展史上重要的文章学家。张氏与其师友及门人的论文书信,多有关于文章学的论述。但迄今为止,尚少有人就此问题予以深入、全面的考察。张氏的论文书信,集中体现了他的文章学思想:倡导"萧疏暗淡"的文风;为文主张以"意"为主,而以"辞"、"气"、"法"辅之;注重声调,并提倡"因声求气"。考察张氏论文书信中的文章学观,既有利于我们探索其文章学思想的形成原因,又有利于我们看到其文章学对桐城诸贤的继承与超越,还有助于我们对从姚鼐到曾国藩再到张裕钊的这一文章发展史进行深入研究。

Zhang Yu-zhao is not only an influential writer in Chinese modern times but also an important expert in essays in Tongcheng School＇s history. Mr. Zhang wrote many letters to his teachers, friends and students, many of which talk about how to write essays. So far, few people have conducted deep and total research on this question. Mr. Zhang＇s letters discussing essays reflect his ideas about it. He pursued the Style of ＂xiao shu gray＂ and advocated the ＂intention＂ , which is the passage＇s core, ＂Diction＂, ＂momentum＂ and ＂rule＂ all exist side by side and play an assistant role together. He also stressed the tone and recommended ＂seek the momentum through the voice＂. Investigating the view of Zhang＇s essays in his letters is favorable for researching the cause of formation of his views, and is helpful for researchers to see how his academic thought on essays inherited and transcended the worthies in Tongcheng School. In addition, it will contribute to studying the development history of essays from Yao-nai to Zeng Guo-fang and then to Zhang Yu-zhao.