除草剂2,4-滴微生物降解研究进展

Research Progress of Microbial Degradation of the Herbicide 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

高浓度2,4-滴是一种合成激素类除草剂,可有效防除阔叶杂草,微生物降解是其在环境中的主要代谢途径。综述了2,4-滴的除草作用机制、降解微生物、降解基因、矿化途径、污染物的微生物修复及抗性转基因作物的研究进展,展望了2,4-滴降解基因在环境污染修复中的应用以及抗2,4-滴转基因作物作为草甘膦抗性作物补充的前景。

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid（2,4-D） at high concentration is a kind of synthetic auxin herbicides, which could control dicotyledonous weeds effectively. This herbicide is mostly depended on microbial degradation in a natural environment. The function mechanism of weedirtg, resources of degrading microorganism and metabolism genes, mineralization way of herbicide 2,4-D were reviewed in this paper. Reviewed the studying progress on microbial remediation for pollutant and 2,4-D-resistant transgenic crops. The application of 2,4-D degrading genes in pollutant bioremediation was prospected. And 2,4-D resistant genetically modified plant is suggested to become a benefical supl^lement of glyphosate-resistant crops.