高温气冷堆氦气主流区中石墨粉尘运动特性初步分析

Preliminary Analysis of Graphite Dust Motion in Helium Mainstream for HTR

以高温气冷堆一回路氦气中石墨粉尘颗粒为研究对象,初步计算分析氦气主流区中单个石墨粉尘颗粒的各种受力。结果表明,各种受力中,气体阻力占绝对主导作用。在分析受力的基础上,推导出一回路中石墨粉尘颗粒的简化运动控制方程,并计算分析石墨粉尘颗粒速度随氦气流速的运动规律:当主流氦气流速度恒定时,石墨粉尘颗粒速度按照负指数的运动规律不断趋近于主流氦气速度;当主流氦气速度随时间发生线性变化时,石墨粉尘颗粒速度与主流氦气速度趋向于一个恒定的差值;在高温气冷堆氦气气轮机循环中,石墨粉尘颗粒从静止到流动时的加速度变化与反应堆功率调节的增减呈现同一性。

Taking the graphite dust in helium mainstream in the primary loop of HTR as an example, the stresses acting on the single graphite dust in the helium mainstream is preliminarily calculated and analyzed. The result indicated that the gas drag played an absolute leading role. Based on the understanding of the importance of gas drag, a simplified motion equation of graphite dust was obtained, which was used to analyze the processes of graphite dust under various conditions. The results show that under a constant mainstream velocity, graphite dust particle velocity will approach the velocity of mainstream with the law of a negative exponent; while when the mainstream velocity, changed linearly with time, the speed difference between graphite dust particle and mainstream will tend to a constant value; under the helium turbine cycle in HTR, the acceleration speed of graphite dust depended on the power.