中国三大石油公司上游竞争力分析及对策

Analysis of Upstream Competitiveness of China's Major Oil Giants and Measures to Be Taken

本文采用剩余可采储量、油气年产量、总资产、剩余储采比、发现成本、人均利润率、资产负债率、资产利润率和科技投入度等九项指标,利用专家调查法和多元线性综合判别函数方法计算了国内三大石油公司与国际大石油公司上游企业竞争力指数,发现国内外大石油公司按上游竞争力可分为三类,其中:Exxon/Mobil、BPAmoco和Shell等三大石油公司属于第一类公司,中国石油天然气集团公司上游竞争力较好,属于第二类石油公司。中国石油化工集团公司和中国海洋石油总公司上游行业综合竞争力位居第三类,差距较大。提高国内三大石油公司上游竞争力的对策是:充分利用国内国外两种资源、两种资金,加大科技创新和管理创新力度,不断持续重组,优化我国上游行业结构,提高企业规模,突出核心业务。

Based on nine indexes of remaining recoverable reserves,annual oil and gas production, total assets, remaining reserve-producing ratio, discovery cost, per-capita profit rate, balance-sheet ratio, asset profit rate and technical investment, this papercalculates the upstream competitiveness indexes of the threedomestic oil companies and international oil giants. The calcu-lation is based on the surveys of experts and the methods formulti-element linear comprehensive judgement of functions. Interms of upstream competitiveness, the major oil companiesboth at home and abroad can be classified into three categories.Eaxon Mobil, BP-Amoco and Shell are of the first category,CNPC is of the second category and Sinopec and CNOOC areof the third category The measures to raise the upstream com-petitiveness of the three domestic oil companies include mak-ing full use of resources and capital both at home and abroad,stepping up the efforts for technical innovation and manage-ment, optimizing the country's upstream industrial structure,expanding the scale of enterprises and highlighting core busi-ness.