碳减排政策的国际比较及其对中国的启示

International Comparison of Carbon Reduction Policies and the Implications for China

为应对全球气候变化、减少碳排放已成为世界性的新共识和世界经济的"新常态"。我们在详尽地阐述碳减排的两种主要政策工具——碳税和碳交易市场的基本内涵、经济理论依据、优势和劣势的基础上,结合我国的实际情况,建议中国应该同时采用开征碳税和建立碳交易市场两种碳减排政策,积极推进各种碳减排政策的国际协调与趋同,抢占未来经济社会发展的制高点。

In response to the global climate changes,reducing carbon emissions has become a worldwide consensus and a ＂new normal state＂ of the world economy.This paper gives a detailed description of the two main policy tools for carbon reduction： the basic connotation,economic theoretical basis,advantages and disadvantages of the carbon tax and the carbon trading markets.Combined with China’s actual situation,this paper presents the policy recommendations that China should adopt the two carbon reduction policies to collect carbon taxes and to establish carbon trading markets,boost actively the international coordination and convergence of all kinds of carbon reduction policies,and race to control the commanding height of future economical and social development.