不同喂养方法对早产儿喂养耐受性及生长发育的影响

The influences of different feeding methods on feeding tolerance and growth of preterm infants

目的探讨三种不同喂养方法对住院早产儿喂养耐受性及生长发育的影响,为早产儿喂养方法的选择提供依据。方法将66例早产儿随机分为三组,实验A组:输液泵持续输注24h;实验B组:输液泵持续输注30min,间歇1.5h,交替进行;对照组:持续推注3～5min,1次/2h。观察三组早产儿喂养耐受性,体重、头围、身长增长情况。结果实验A、B两组喂养耐受性均较对照组好,且实验A组喂养不耐受发生率明显低于实验B组(P<0.01)。住院10d、20d三组间平均体重增长差异无显著意义,且实验A、B两组均高于对照组(P<0.05),但实验A、B两组间差异无显著意义(P>0.05)。结论输液泵输注法是早产儿较为理想的喂养方法,其喂养耐受性及生长发育情况均较好,其中输液泵持续输注法,喂养不耐受发生率最低。

Objective To study the influences of three different feeding methods on feeding tolerance and the growth of hospitalized preterm infants,and to provided the basis of choosing feeding methods for preterm infants. Method 66 cases of premature infants were randomly divided into three groups,group A： 24 hrs continuous feeding by infusion pump;group B： intermittent infusion by infusion pump,lasting 30 mins every other 1.5 hrs;control group： injection,lasting 3-5 mins,fed once every 2 hrs.The indicators of preterm infants in three groups such as feeding tolerance,body weight,head circumference,height growth and blood biochemical parameters were observed. Result Feeding tolerance in group A and B was higher than control group,incidence of intolerance in group A was much fewer than group B（P0.01）.The average of growth rate of body weight among three groups was statistically significant both on 10d and 20d in hospital（P0.05）.The average growth rate of body weight for group A and B are higher than control group,while there was no significant difference between group A and B（P0.05）. Conclusion Preterm infants using infusion pump is an ideal feeding method.Feeding tolerance and growth are relatively good.Preterm infants continuously fed by infusion pump had the lowest incidence of feeding intolerance.