潍县城:晚清民国时期一个区域性大都会的城市地域结构(1904—1937年)

Weixian City:The Regional Structure of the Metropolis in the Late Qing and Republican Periods(1904-1937)

作为晚清民国时期的一座区域性大都会,潍县城市地域结构表现为"西绅东商"的特征:士绅主要聚居于主城,东关西半部和白浪河西侧则是工商业最为繁盛之地。这种地域结构特征实际上在晚清以前即已形成,1904年胶济铁路的通车并未在潍县火车站一带形成可观的城市地域,"西绅东商"特征表现出强烈的稳定性。士绅近官署而居的居住习惯、潍县城輨毂胶东的交通区位特征、晚清民国时期颇具规模的城市建设运动和东关因有城墙环绕而表现出的安全优势,是造成这种稳定性的四个内在原因。

As a regional metropolis in the Late Qing and Republican Periods, the regional structureof Weixian city showed the ＂West gentry-East business＂ feature,that is, the gentry lived in the main city, and the business was located in the western part of ＂Dong Guan＂ and the west side of the BailangRiver. In fact, the feature had been formed in the traditional society. And, the area of Weixian train station had never formed a considerable Urban region since the opening of Jiao-ji railway. So thestructure of ＂West gentry-East business＂ was characterized by a strong stability. The stability was caused by four underlying reasons. The living habits of the gentry near government offices; WeixianCity being the transportation hub to reach Jiaodong Peninsula; the urban construction in the Late Qing and Republican Periods; the walled ＂Dong Guan＂ showed the advantages of security.