LNG站场防火间距及安全性分析

Fireproof spacing between equipments and safety analysis at LNG stations

目前我国相关防火安全规范缺管道明确规定适用于工程事故的分析模型。针对LNG站场主要危险源及防火间距的问题,依据NFPA59A—2009标准推荐的DEGADIS、LNGFire3和PoFMISE模型原理,研发了适用于我国LNG工程设计的LNG蒸气扩散模型和池火热辐射模型,并对模型的准确性和可靠性进行了对比验证:与Burro实验测定值对比,所研发的LNG蒸气扩散模型计算结果相对误差为19.04%,优于原DEGADIS模型32.88%的相对误差。将池火热辐射模型与PoFMISE和LNG Fire3模型的标准结果进行了对比,结果表明:其兼具两者的优点,更趋安全可靠。据此开发的"液化天然气(LNG)站场危险性分析平台"可用于主要危险源及工艺设备的防火间距及LNG站场选址、规划和设计过程中事故后果的分析评价。

This paper aims to get a better understanding of major hazards and determine the unsettled fireproof distance at LNG stations.There are neither specific fire protection codes nor any accident analysis models adaptable to engineering practices in present China.In view of this,the LNG vapor dispersion and pool-fire thermal radiation models are developed especially for LNG engineering projects based on the principles of DEGADIS,LNG Fire3,and PoFMISE models recommended in NFPA59A-2009.Then,the accuracy and reliability of the developed modes are validated and compared.(1) Compared with the field experiment of Burros data,the relative error in the calculation results with the LNG vapor dispersion model is 19.04%,better than the previous DEGADIS model with the relative error of 32.88%.(2) In contrast with the results between the PoFMISE and LNG Fire3 and the pool-fire thermal radiation model,the latter combines the merits of the former two models and is more secure and reliable.On this basis,the developed Hazard & Risk Analysis Platform for LNG Stations can be also applied to the analysis of major hazards and the fireproof spacing between equipments and to the evaluation of the consequences after accidents in the process of site selection,planning and design of an LNG station.