南昌市大学生亚健康状况及影响因素分析

Sub-health status and its influential factors among university students in Nanchang city

目的了解江西省南昌市大学生亚健康总体状况,探讨其影响因素。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,用自制亚健康量表对南昌市某大学796名不同年级在校学生进行亚健康测量。结果调查对象的亚健康发生率为71.8%,生理亚健康、心理亚健康、社会亚健康发生率分别为54.1%、26.6%、52.4%;logistic回归结果显示,锻炼时间少、经济压力大是亚健康及其各分项发生的共同影响因素(P<0.05);影响亚健康发生的因素还包括生源、非学生干部、学习成绩差及饮酒多(P<0.05);女生、医学专业、独生子女、饮酒多的学生生理亚健康发生率更高(P<0.05);低年级学生心理亚健康发生率较高,节食、饮酒多是心理亚健康发生的危险因素(P<0.05);男生、非学生干部发生社会亚健康的风险更高(P<0.05)。结论南昌市大学生亚健康发生率较高,缺乏体育锻炼及经济压力是其重要影响因素。

Objective To study the prevalence of sub-health in university students in Nanchang city and to investi- gate the influential factors of sub-health. Methods With stratifted randomly cluster sampling,796 students from different grade of a university in Nanchang city were sampled and their sub-health were measured with a self-designed sub-health questionnaire. Results The prevalence of sub-health among the students was 71.8 %, and the prevalence of physiological sub-health,psychological sub-health, and social sub-health was 54. 1%, 26. 6%, and 52.4%, respectively. Results of logistic regression showed that lack of physical exercises and higher economic pressure were the common influencing fac- tors of sub-health and its subentry （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Influencing factors of sub-health also included the hometown of the students, non-student cadre, underachievement in study, and alcohol drinking （P 〈 0. 05 for all）. The medical students, the only child, and the students with heavy alcohol drinking reported a higher rate of physiological sub-health （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Lower grade students had a higher rate of psychological sub-health. Dieting and alcohol drinking were the influencing fac- tor of psychological sub-health. Males and non-student cadre had a higher risk of social sub-health （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclu- sion The university students in Nanchang had a high prevalence of sub-health. Lack of physical exercises and economic pressure were important influence factors of sub-health.