呼伦贝尔林草交错区沙地樟子松林群落结构特征分析

Analysis on Community Structure of Mongolian Pine Forest in Sandy Land of Grass and Sand Crisscross Area in Hulunbuir Area

通过对内蒙古呼伦贝尔林草交错区沙地樟子松林和沙地草原进行实地调查,选取沙地草原、活化沙地松林、火烧迹地松林、坡地松林和保护区内松林共5个样地,统计分析了各类型樟子松林群落结构特征。结果表明:受森林发育状况、人为干扰影响和林木密度等条件的影响,活化沙地樟子松林与其它3处受到良好保护的林地在树高、胸径、冠幅等各个群落结构指标都表现出显著差异,活化沙地樟子松林生长高度和树木粗细参差不齐,胸高树围变化范围较大,冠型呈伞形,林木密度远小于林分适宜密度,地面沙地活化裸露,草本层发育不良。其它3处位于山地森林区的沙地樟子松林,由于受到较好保护,3个样地的树木高生长良好,树高均高于活化沙地樟子松林,林木密度与各自林分适宜密度相差较小。该研究工作揭示了不同环境条件下沙地樟子松林群落发育特点,为加强林草交错区和草原区沙地保护与沙地治理,通过建植适宜的森林植被提高区域风沙防护功能、水土保持功能和提高绿色植被的碳汇功能提供了科学依据。

Grassland sand,activation sand pine,burned pine,sloping pine and protection area pine were selected to analysis the community structural feature of various types of mongolian pine through the investigation of the mongolian pine of Hulunbuir grass and sand crisscross area and grassland sand of Inner Mongolian pine.The results showed that activated sandy Mongolian pine had significant difference in structure index of each community concerned with height of tree,DBH（diameter at breast height）,crown diameter and so on,compared with three other well-protected forestland,it was influenced by the conditions including forest development status,human interference effect and forest density and so on.Activated sandy mongolian pine had an irregularity in growth height and thickness of trees,chest height and circumference of trees had a very larger range of changes,crown type showed umbrella,forest density was far less than forest suitable density,ground sand activation was bared,herb layer was blasted.Due to the well protection,tree height of three other sandy mongolian pine of mountain land forest areas grew well,being taller than activated sandy mongolian pine, the difference of forest density was small compared with each forest suitable density.This research revealed the development characteristics of sandy mongolian pine in various environmental conditions, it had provided scientific basis for improving the sand protection and governance of the grass and sand crisscross area and prairie area by planting suitable forest vegetation to improve area sandstorm protection function,s oil and water conservation function, and carbon sink capacity enhancing green vegetation .