控释肥对“红富士”苹果生长发育的影响

Effect of Controlled Released Fertilizer on Growth and Development of 'Fuji' Apple

研究了控释肥对"红富士"果园土壤有机质和pH、叶片矿质元素、叶绿素含量、新梢生长量和果实品质的影响。结果表明:施肥降低了果园土壤的pH和有机质含量,施用控释肥果园的pH要高于普通复合肥,不同控释肥处理对土壤pH的影响有一定的差异;控释肥提高了叶片N、P和K的含量,不同控释肥处理之间N和K差异较为明显;相同含量控释肥提高了苹果叶片中Ca、Mg和Fe的含量,降低了Cu、Mn和Zn的含量;控释肥处理明显提高了叶片叶绿素含量和增加了新梢生长量;控释肥提高了果实硬度、果实可溶性固形物、可溶性糖和维生素C含量,降低了果实单果重和可滴定酸含量,对果形指数的影响不明显。

The effect of controlled released fertilizer of ＇Fuji＇ orchard was studied,including soil organic matter,pH value,contents of mineral elements and chlorophyll in leaves,shoot length and fruit quality.The results showed that fertilizing decreased the pH value and mineral elements content of soil.The pH value of applying CRFs was higher than that of applying common compound fertilizer,and the effect of applying different CRFs on soil pH value exhibited some differences.Contents of N,P,K in leaves increased by applying CRFs,and there was obvious differences of applying different CRFs.The contents of Ca,Mg and Fe in leaves with applying CRFs increased higher than that with applying same content common compound fertilizer,conversely,the contents of Cu,Mn and Zn reduced.With CRFs＇ application,contents of chlorophyll in leaves and shoot length increased apparently.There was same change in firmness,soluble solid,soluble sugar and content of VC of fruit.But the weight of single fruit and titratable acid of fruit reduced,but there was no significant effect on fruit shape index.