猪圆环病毒2型疫苗研究进展

Advance in Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Vaccine

猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)是一种猪疾病综合征的病原体,这种疾病综合征在欧洲被称为猪圆环病毒病(PCVD),在美国被称为猪圆环病毒相关疾病(PCVAD),可导致巨大的经济损失。基于PCV-2a的灭活疫苗和亚单位疫苗在市场上已有销售,这些疫苗为降低商品化猪群的死亡率、增加其生长指数提供了有力的技术支持。从2003年开始,伴随着临床症状的加剧,全球猪群中PCV-2流行亚型逐渐由PCV-2a变成PCV-2b。虽然现在市售的基于PCV-2a的疫苗可以提供对PCV-2b的交叉保护,但已研制出了基于PCV-2b的新型实验性疫苗,比如改良减毒活疫苗,这些新型疫苗可以提供更高的保护力,降低免疫成本。论文主要介绍现在市面上销售的PCV-2疫苗在实验和田间条件下的免疫效果,并对新型PCV-2疫苗的研究进行了展望。

Porcine circovirus type 2 （PCV-2） is the causative agent of a collection of disease syndromes in pigs, now known as porcine circovirus diseases （PCVDs） in Europe or porcine circovirus associated diseases （PCVADs） in the United States, which results in tremendous economic losses. The recent commercially available inactivated and subunit vaccines based on PCV-2a genotype provide an excellent tool for decreasing mortality and increasing growth parameters in commercial swine herds. Since 2003, concurrence with the increased severity of clinical disease, the predominant prevalence subtypes has been shifted from PCV- 2a to PCV-2b in global swine populations. Although the current commercial vaccines based on PCV-2a have very good efficacy which can also provide cross-protection against PCV-2b, novel experimental vaccines such as modified live-attenuated vaccines based on PCV-2b are being developed and may provide a superior protection and reduce vaccine costs. This review assessed the efficacy of the currently available commercial PCV-2 vaccines in experimental and field conditions, and providea insight into the development of new novel vaccines against PCV-2.