日据时期台湾的墨学研究——以黄纯青、连雅堂、张纯甫等人为中心的考察

The Mohism Research in Taiwan during the Period of Japanese Occupation——Take Huang Chunqing,Lian Yatang,Zhang Chunfu as the research focus

1930年的儒墨学论战,是日据时期台湾墨学研究的高潮。在这场论战中,部分学者力图打破独尊儒学的局面,主张"孔墨并尊",着力于发掘和肯定墨学的现代价值,另一部分学者则固守并阐发传统儒学,痛斥墨学之弊,主张在西学东渐之潮流中坚持儒家的基本价值观念。这场争论折射出台湾思想界的分化与困惑:在新旧思想激荡中,必须趋新、迎新,给予墨学以应有的地位,实际上不可避免地要非孔批儒,但儒家思想又是台湾学者安身立命的根本,在日本殖民当局压制并进而试图灭绝儒学的大背景下,激烈地反孔非儒的客观效果,则会导致对儒学根本的动摇。因此,一方面要坚持儒学的内在价值,一方面要引入新思想因素;一方面引入新思想新文化,一方面又不触动儒学根本观念,就成为日据时期台湾许多学者的真实心态。

The argument between Confucianism and Mohism in 1930＇ s could be the climax of Mohism research in Taiwan during the period of Japanese occupation. In this argument, some scholars tried to break the fixed - pattern in which Confucianism has always been regarded as orthodox ideology, advocated the notion of respecting Confucianism and Mohism equally, and strived to explore and confirm the modern value of Mohism. But another part of scholars stuck to and interpret the traditional Confucianism and denounced the disadvantages of Mohism; moreover they advocated that the basic value of Confucianism should be held and kept on in the trend of the Western learning spreading to the East. This debate reflected the division and confusion in the ideolog- ical circle in Taiwan ： that is to say, in the argument of the old thoughts and the new ones, people had to favor and emphasize the new ones and put Mohism in an indispensable and proper position, which meant that we had to criticize Confucianism; but be- cause Confucianism has always been viewed as a base and a support for the intellectuals in Taiwan, the foundation and the basis of Confucianism would be shaken and shocked if we opposed and criticize hotly Confucianism in the context that Japanese settler authorities tried to suppress and even distinguish Confucianism in Taiwan. Thus, many intellectuals in Taiwan during that period stuck to the basic and internal value of Confucianism, meanwhile trying to introduce some new thoughts and cultures or vice verse. The attitude to Confucianism and Mohism of Taiwan＇ s intellectuals could be more common and sincere during that period.