繁殖Ⅲ期不同性别鲫鱼(Carassius auratus)的运动能力及能量代谢的比较

Swimming performance and energy metabolism of male and female crucian carps(Carassius auratus) during their Ⅲ reproduction phase

为了考查繁殖期不同性别鲫鱼(Carassius auratus)的运动能力及生理代谢特征,在20±1℃条件下,分别依次测定1龄且处于繁殖第Ⅲ期不同性别实验鱼的快速启动、临界游泳速度(Ucrit)、静止代谢率(MO2rest)、最大运动代谢率(MO2active)及运动过程中的代谢率(MO2)。结果表明:鲫鱼雌鱼与雄鱼的临界游泳速度(Ucrit)分别为6.97±0.22、7.29±0.31BL.s-1,差异不显著;雌、雄鱼快速启动中的最大运动速度(Vmax)分别为20.48±0.69、20.40±1.09BL.s-1,无显著差异,同时它们的最大加速度(amax)、反应时间、120ms内移动距离同样均无显著差异;雌鱼与雄鱼的MO2rest差异不显著;MO2active与代谢空间(△MO2)分别为341.92±22.59、307.50±22.66mgO2.kg-1.h-1和257.18±18.51、220.20±18.95mgO2.kg-1.h-1,前者均显著高于后者(P<0.01)。可见,处于繁殖Ⅲ期的鲫鱼雌鱼与雄鱼的Ucrit及快速启动均无显著差异;并且雌鱼有氧运动能力的维持存在功率补偿。

To examine whether the swimming performance and metabolic traits of 1-year-old male and female crucian carps （Carassius auratus） during their Ⅲ reproduction phase have differences, the fast-start movement, critical swimming speed （Ucrit）, rest metabolic rate （MO2rest）, active metabolic rate （MO2active）, and metabolic rate （MO2） during different swimming speeds were measured at water temperature 20±1 ℃. The Ucrit of female and male crucian carps was 6.97±0.22 and 7.29±0.31 BL·s^-1, and the maximum linear velocity during fast-start movement （Vmax） was 20.48±0.69 and 20.40±1.09 BL·s^-1, respectively, with no significant differences. The Ucrit, Vmax, maximum linear acceleration during fast-start movement （amax）,reaction time, migration distance during the first 120 ms of faststart movement, and MO2rest of female and male crucian carps also had no significant differences. However, the MO2active and metabolic scope of female crucian carps were significantly higher than those of the males （341.92±22.59 vs. 307.50±22.66 mg O2·kg^-1·h^-1 and 257.18±18.51 vs. 220.20±18.95 mg O2·kg^-1·h^-1, respectively）. It was suggested that the male and female crucian carps during their Ⅲ reproduction phase had no significant difference in the swimming capacity, but the females adopted metabolic up-regulation strategy as a compensation for their increased energy burden due to reproduction status.