双台河口保护区丹顶鹤春迁期觅食地环境特征

Environment Characters of Feeding Ground by Red-Crowned Crane During Spring Stopover in Shuangtaihekou Nature Reserve,China

2008—2010年3—4月份,采用路线法、定点观察法、样方法和因子测定法等对辽宁双台河口国家级自然保护区内春迁期丹顶鹤觅食地的环境特征进行了分析。结果显示:双台河口保护区丹顶鹤春迁期觅食地环境特征具有特异性,表现为食物、水和干扰3个特征;其中,食物和水两个环境特征通过芦苇植被的微生境特征、明水面、火烧地、堤坝来体现,丹顶鹤采取选择的方式进行能量补充;油井、干扰因素(频繁区、人类痕迹标记物、道路)对丹顶鹤的觅食产生不同程度的干扰,丹顶鹤采取远离的方式进行回避。

A study was performed to analyze the environment characters of feeding ground by red-crowned crane （ Grus japonen- s/s） in $huangtaihekou Nature Reserve of Liaoning Province during March-April of 2008-2010 by means of itinerary inves- tigation, site observation method, sampling method, and factor determination method. Result showed that the feeding ground of the red-crowned cranes in Shuangtaihekou Nature Reserve during spring stopover exhibited specific selection, which included three characters namely food, water and disturbance. Food and water had the positive contribution to ener- gy supplement, and were expressed by micro-habitat of reed vegetation, seasonal lake, zone burned and dam. Oil well and disturbance elements （villages, human trace markers and road） resulted in different levels of disturbance to the red- crowned cranes, and they kept far away from such habitats.