贵州大方县联兴村粘土的理化及工艺性能

Physicochemical and Processing Properties of Lianxingcun Clay in Dafang County of Guizhou Province

利用x射线荧光光谱仪（XRF）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、综合热分析仪（DTA-TG）、场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）对贵州省大方县联兴村粘土的化学成分、矿物组成、理化性质和微观形貌进行了分析表征，并详细测试了其多项工艺性能指标。得出该粘土的主要矿物组成为伊利石（47．2wt％）、石英（50．8wt％）和锐钛矿（1．2wt％），呈典型的片层状结构。该矿物原料可塑性低、阳离子交换容量低、流动性较小、触变性较大、干燥收缩小、干燥强度较大。粘土矿物中碱金属和碱土金属总含量不高（3．57wt％），且A1d魄含量较低（14．84wt％），因此烧结温度不高（烧结温度范围为1200℃-1250℃），并且其含有较多的Fe20。（1．16wt％）和Ti02（0．67wt％），导致烧成自度很低，1250℃下烧成白度仅为23．04％。

The chemical composition,mineral composition,physicochemical properties and microstructures of Lianxingcun clay in Dafang county of Guizhou province were characterized by XRF,XRD,DTA-TG,FE-SEM and TEM.Its various processing properties were investigated.The results indicate that the main mineral components of the clay include illite(47.16wt%),quartz(50.79wt%) and anatase(1.16wt%).It shows typical sheeting and layered structure.The clay has low plasticity,low cation exchange capacity value,less liquidity,high thixotropy,small drying shrinkage and high drying strength.Although the alkaline metal oxide and alkaline earth metal oxide(3.57wt%) contents are low,it has relatively low sintering temperature(1200℃~1250℃) because of its low contents of Al2O3(14.84wt%).And also,its relatively high Fe2O3(1.66wt%) and TiO2(0.23wt%) contents lead to the low firing whiteness,which is only 23.04% when sintered at 1250℃.