吉林半干旱区不同灌溉方式对土壤水分变化及玉米产量的影响

Effect of the Different Irrigation Methods on the Soil Moisture Variation and Yield of Corn in Semiarid Area of Jilin

通过对常规垄灌溉、固定隔沟灌溉和交替隔沟灌溉的试验对比,交替隔沟灌溉水量仅为常规沟灌的1/2,有一半左右的地表面处于相对干燥状态,水分渗入率较大,提高了土壤对灌溉水和自然降雨的储存与利用,有利于对有限的水资源进行合理分配和充分利用。运用交替隔沟灌溉技术能提高作物对垄两侧土壤中养料、水分等的利用效率,作物根系进行干湿交替锻炼后,刺激根系生长,提高根系活力,一定程度增强植株抵御干旱的能力,更利于作物健康生长,交替隔沟灌溉是具有较强实用性的大田节水灌溉方法。

The result of comparing with conventional ridge on irrigation, fixed furrow irrigation and alternate fur row irrigation experiment, alternate furrow irrigation water use is the half of the conventional furrow irrigation water use, about half the surface area is in a relatively dry state, which infiltration rate is larger, improve soil irrigation water and natural rainfall on the storage and utilization, conducive to the rational allocation and making full use of limited water resources. The use efficiency of the crops to the both sides of soil nutrients and water of the ridges is improved using alternate furrow irrigation technique. The crop root carrying on the dry/wet alternation exercises can stimulate the root growth and increase the root activity which enhances the ability of the plant withstand drought to favor the crops health growth. Therefore, alternate furrow irrigation is a strong practical method of field water saving irrigation.