摘要
"观察渗透理论"还是"观察的独立性"一直是理性主义与经验主义两种哲学倾向争论不休的论题。新实验主义者罗伯特.阿克曼(R.J.Ackermann)跳出理论与实验孰先孰后的二元争论,以理论、数据、仪器三维辩证互动来解释科学知识的增长。仪器和技术的发展是科学发展中相对独立的重要力量,过去被哲学家们严重忽视了。阿克曼试图以仪器与技术的累积进步来化解库恩的新旧范式不可通约论,并以仪器的应用程度来解释当前社会科学无法达到自然科学的精确化和一致性的原因。
The thesis of ＇theory-loading of observations＇ or ＇the independence of observations＇ was always in debating between rationalism and empiricism in the philosophy of science. Robert John Ackermann, the New Experimentalist, tried to transcend this two-dimensional debate of theory is thought primarily to guide data, or the reverse. He introduced a dialectical model to understand the growth of scientific knowledge, in which theory, data, and instruments are in three-dimensional dialectical relationship. Ackermann also tried to resolve Thomas S. Kuhn＇s in- commensurability by the continuous improvement of instruments and technique. He is also said that it is because the applying of instruments which differ nature science from social science.
出处
《自然辩证法研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第10期111-115,共5页
Studies in Dialectics of Nature
