问题渗透理论

Theory-ladeness of Problems

问题是现实与期望之间的差距,是一种不理想状态,这种状态不具有物理实在,不是大自然直接给出的,而是依赖于问题主体的背景知识:问题的提出总是和一定的知识或概念框架相联系;问题的分析理解总在一定的理论背景知识中进行;而对先前理论知识的预设确定,是问题解决的冲破口。从问题的提出、分析理解以及问题的解决角度来探讨问题与理论关系,可以看出问题的整个成长过程都呈现着理论的渗透。问题渗透理论的探究有助于对科学本质的认识,为科学问题的评价研究奠定基础。

The problem is undesired state as the gap between reality and expectations. It is not given directly by the Nature,but relies on one＇ s background knowledge. One can put forward to problems always associated with his knowledge and the conceptual framework ;analyzing and understanding of the problem is always conducting in a certain amount of theoretical knowledge background;The presupposition of determination to pervious knowledge is the exit to the problem solving. From the discussing the relation between the problem and theory in the perspective of putting forword, anaysing and solving about prolbems, we can see the entire growth process of the problem showing the penetration of the theo- ry. The exploring to theory--laden problem inquiry contributes to the understanding of the nature of science, and lay the foundation for the e- valuation of the scientific issues.